Moving the world forward: EV policies

Exploring key policies driving EV adoption

While a better driving experience will ultimately lead to the success of EVs, government regulations are important in creating a level playing field among global competitors, as with any new industry. Policies that ensure consumers have access to EVs and charging technology are important in driving EV adoption. They push innovation, expand availability and make EVs more affordable. Explore our comprehensive guide, with downloadable insights, for a deeper look into the policies shaping the future of electric vehicles.

  • EVs cost less to own long-term, but higher upfront prices still steer price-sensitive buyers toward gas cars. While price parity is fast approaching, it remains critical for America to level the playing field against policies in China and Europe, where strong government incentives are accelerating EV adoption and strengthening their automotive industries. Programs like rebates, vouchers, tax credits and sales tax exemptions are powerful tools to promote American manufacturing and keep our automotive industry innovative and globally competitive. Additionally, reliable, stable purchase incentives encourage manufacturers to invest in domestic production, offer lower-cost models for all Americans and align sourcing strategies with broader trade policy goals.

  • Advanced driver-assistance systems are becoming increasingly common, making it essential for the federal government to establish a framework to enable the safe deployment of these technologies as they continue to evolve. Modernizing the current patchwork of state regulations in favor of a national program will not only enhance safety but also ensure that America remains at the forefront of this emerging technology. Simultaneously, data privacy, cybersecurity and the ethical implications of autonomous decision-making must be carefully considered to build public trust and confidence in these advancements.

  • U.S. automotive fuel efficiency is regulated by the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission rules. The CAFE program, established in the 1970s, requires automakers to meet fleet-wide fuel efficiency targets, which rise over time to cut petroleum use and improve energy security. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration oversees CAFE, while the Environmental Protection Agency manages GHG emission regulations, a complementary program aiming to reduce carbon emissions. These market-based policies incentivize automakers to adopt fuel-efficient technologies like hybrids and EVs, but do not inherently mandate the use of any specific powertrain technology.

  • While direct-to-consumer sales are allowed across virtually all markets in the U.S., vehicle sales remain an anomaly. Some states such as Florida and California allow manufacturers to sell directly to the consumer, while others such as Texas and Connecticut require vehicles to be sold through franchised dealerships. This legally required middleman sprouted from a desire to protect local franchisees from direct competition with auto companies themselves — but has instead come to inhibit the free market principles of competition and consumer choice. Automakers that have never used a franchise model are blocked from these state markets, preventing consumer access to their products and, in many cases, preventing test drives and even service in the state. Special exemptions for certain individual companies further complicate the landscape and hinder competition by quite literally picking and choosing which direct-sales automakers may engage in commerce in the state. Deregulating and modernizing the automotive market is essential to lowering costs, increasing competition and ensuring a fair system that aligns with American values.

  • Job creation and EV sector competitiveness can be bolstered through incentives for local manufacturing, diversified domestic supply chains and innovation. The resulting infrastructure investment encourages companies to establish production facilities and build in America — onshoring high-quality jobs and reducing our reliance on foreign imports. This ensures U.S. competitiveness and independence in an increasingly electrified global car market while driving innovation, building a world-leading workforce and fostering long-term economic growth.

  • Investing in the expansion of reliable charging stations across the country gives the growing number of electric vehicle drivers access to more routes and communities, bringing economic benefits to the local businesses co-located with charging infrastructure, especially those in rural or underserved areas. Given these benefits, many states, utilities and other local funding entities continue to support expanding access to charging infrastructure through grant, rebate and incentive opportunities. These efforts are increasingly complemented by policy solutions focused on improving charging reliability, improving the structure of utility tariffs and standardization of charging requirements. But getting the details right for these policies and funding opportunities is key. A simple, standardized approach is vital to continuing to scale access to charging and the resulting economic benefits.

True or False:

You can only charge at home.

Charging infrastructure is expanding rapidly, with over 150,000 public chargers available in the U.S. as of 2023 and plans for 500,000 chargers by 2030. Increased access to chargers nationwide supports the practicality of EVs for everyday use.

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True or False:

Closed-loop recycling in EVs reduces waste and conserves resources efficiently.

Closed-loop recycling recovers valuable EV battery materials, reducing the need for new mining and lowering environmental impact. This supports a more sustainable and resource-efficient supply chain.

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True or False:

EVs are inherently a grid stressor.

Most charging happens during off-peak hours, which helps balance grid demand and smooths grid volatility. Essentially, EVs can send stored electricity back from the battery to the grid. In the future, EVs could work together to power the grid during peak demand or natural disasters.

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True or False:

Buying an EV boosts the U.S. economy and supports job creation.

EV investments have created nearly 200,000 direct American jobs and hundreds of thousands more in related industries, contributing to U.S. economic growth and job creation.

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True or False:

EVs don’t last as long as gas-powered cars.

Modern EV batteries retain over 80% of their capacity after 8-10 years and have a considerably fewer number of moving parts that can wear out compared to gas-powered engines. The batteries offer long-lasting performance and can be replaced and repurposed for second lives in energy storage or recycled.

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True or False:

Government support for EVs is working.

The United States has a long history of supporting strategically important technologies, from the internet to defense technologies. As EVs become a globally important industry, smart government support helps keep America competitive and secure.

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